Pike版Openstack虚拟机命令行指定ip地址的示例分析，针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。
查看已有的网络接口(对应虚拟机网卡)
# . admin-openrc
admin权限查看能够多看到租户id tenant_id
# neutron port-list
neutron CLI is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use openstack CLI instead.
+--------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------+-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | tenant_id | mac_address | fixed_ips |
+--------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------+-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 00401677-543c-4834-9f30-d25e179e88a0 | | 9c658f84358140378e637f0b27c7ca57 | fa:16:3e:e0:d1:c2 | {"subnet_id": "c26fc89c-44ce-492b-aa88-befe9bae942c", "ip_address": "172.16.40.134"} |
| e6480311-3226-49fc-8964-a15237d6ff14 | | 9c658f84358140378e637f0b27c7ca57 | fa:16:3e:67:01:eb | {"subnet_id": "c26fc89c-44ce-492b-aa88-befe9bae942c", "ip_address": "172.16.40.108"} |
+--------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------+-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+普通租户是看不到租户id的
# . tbg-openrc
# neutron port-list
neutron CLI is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use openstack CLI instead.
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | mac_address | fixed_ips |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 00401677-543c-4834-9f30-d25e179e88a0 | | fa:16:3e:e0:d1:c2 | {"subnet_id": "c26fc89c-44ce-492b-aa88-befe9bae942c", "ip_address": "172.16.40.134"} |
| e6480311-3226-49fc-8964-a15237d6ff14 | | fa:16:3e:67:01:eb | {"subnet_id": "c26fc89c-44ce-492b-aa88-befe9bae942c", "ip_address": "172.16.40.108"} |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+使用admin权限创建一个网络接口，可以指定租户，指定ip地址，以及指定对应的网络
# . admin-openrc
# neutron port-create --tenant-id 9c658f84358140378e637f0b27c7ca57 --fixed-ip ip_address='172.16.40.104' provider
neutron CLI is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use openstack CLI instead.
Created a new port:
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| allowed_address_pairs | |
| binding:host_id | |
| binding:profile | {} |
| binding:vif_details | {} |
| binding:vif_type | unbound |
| binding:vnic_type | normal |
| created_at | 2018-02-27T07:42:08Z |
| description | |
| device_id | |
| device_owner | |
| extra_dhcp_opts | |
| fixed_ips | {"subnet_id": "c26fc89c-44ce-492b-aa88-befe9bae942c", "ip_address": "172.16.40.104"} |
| id | 5e993bfd-219b-4e0e-9173-721e072e7342 |
| mac_address | fa:16:3e:d8:40:0a |
| name | |
| network_id | c35672ab-6d14-4fd6-99a5-5b912ae1070a |
| port_security_enabled | True |
| project_id | 9c658f84358140378e637f0b27c7ca57 |
| revision_number | 3 |
| security_groups | e437d647-4c0e-42c4-bc40-f15d15364748 |
| status | DOWN |
| tags | |
| tenant_id | 9c658f84358140378e637f0b27c7ca57 |
| updated_at | 2018-02-27T07:42:08Z |
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+将新创建的port连接到虚拟机上
# nova list
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+------------+-------------+------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+------------+-------------+------------------------+
| eddcb46e-eac5-4403-83a8-1f0d8ac34439 | hadoop-4 | ACTIVE | - | Running | provider=172.16.40.134 |
| 06a43249-9258-409e-b791-541396771a9d | zxq-3 | ACTIVE | - | Running | provider=172.16.40.108 |
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+------------+-------------+------------------------+
添加连接，如果不指定port-id，则会自己创建一个新的
# nova interface-attach --port-id 5e993bfd-219b-4e0e-9173-721e072e7342 eddcb46e-eac5-4403-83a8-1f0d8ac34439
# nova interface-list eddcb46e-eac5-4403-83a8-1f0d8ac34439
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------+-------------------+
| Port State | Port ID | Net ID | IP addresses | MAC Addr |
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------+-------------------+
| BUILD | 00401677-543c-4834-9f30-d25e179e88a0 | c35672ab-6d14-4fd6-99a5-5b912ae1070a | 172.16.40.134 | fa:16:3e:e0:d1:c2 |
| BUILD | 5e993bfd-219b-4e0e-9173-721e072e7342 | c35672ab-6d14-4fd6-99a5-5b912ae1070a | 172.16.40.104 | fa:16:3e:d8:40:0a |
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------+-------------------+
分离接口
# nova interface-detach eddcb46e-eac5-4403-83a8-1f0d8ac34439 00401677-543c-4834-9f30-d25e179e88a0
# ping 172.16.40.104
PING 172.16.40.104 (172.16.40.104) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.40.104: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=3.11 ms
可以ping通，添加指定ip正常。
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