这篇文章主要为大家展示了“cobbler如何实现自动化无人值守安装”，内容简而易懂，条理清晰，希望能够帮助大家解决疑惑，下面让小编带领大家一起研究并学习一下“cobbler如何实现自动化无人值守安装”这篇文章吧。
cobbler自动化无人值守安装
root@localhost ~]# yum install epel-release -y ##安装源码包
##安装必要组件
yum install -y \
cobbler \ ##安装cobbler\
cobbler-web \ ##网页形式管理
dhcp \ ##地址分配服务
tftp-server \ ##放压缩和引导文件
pykickstart \ ##Python开发的kickstart
httpd \ ##网络服务
rsync \ ##远程同步管理
xinetd ##管理平台
开始配置cobbler
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/cobbler/
[root@localhost cobbler]# ls
auth.conf import_rsync_whitelist pxe users.conf
cheetah_macros iso reporting users.digest
cobbler_bash ldap rsync.exclude version
completions modules.conf rsync.template zone.template
dhcp.template mongodb.conf secondary.template zone_templates
dnsmasq.template named.template settings
genders.template power tftpd.template
[root@localhost cobbler]# vim settings
278 next_server: 192.168.136.179 ##修改地址为服务器地址
279 server: 192.168.136.179 ##添加服务器地址
280 manage_dhcp: 1 ##开启dhcp
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start httpd.service ##开启http服务
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start cobblerd.service ##开启cobbler服务
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl stop firewalld.service ##关闭防火墙
[root@localhost cobbler]# setenforce 0 ##关闭增强功能
优化cobbler
[root@localhost cobbler]# cobbler check
[root@localhost cobbler]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
disable = no ##此处改为no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl enable rsyncd.service ##优化开启远程同步管理服务
[root@localhost cobbler]# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'abc123''abc123' ##设置管理员密码
Password:
$1$abc123ab$Z6awNYIN3LrF2YlvXPh6N. ##复制此段是盐值加密过后的密文
[root@localhost cobbler]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
101 default_password_crypted: "$1$abc123ab$Z6awNYIN3LrF2YlvXPh6N." ##第101行把我们刚才设置的
密码的密文复制到此处
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start rsyncd.service ##启动服务
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl restart xinetd.service配置DHCP服务
[root@localhost cobbler]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.136.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { ##修改本地服务器的网段
option routers 192.168.136.1;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.136.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.136.100 192.168.136.254; ##地址池
[root@localhost cobbler]# cobbler sync ##同步生成dhcp配置文件（/etc/dhcp/dhcp.conf）
task started: 2019-11-15_154150_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Fri Nov 15 15:41:50 2019)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl restart dhcpd.service ##启动dhcp服务
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start cobblerd.service ##启动cobbler服务
[root@localhost cobbler]# systemctl start xinetd.service ##启动管理平台服务挂载镜像，把镜像生成到cobbler中
[root@localhost cobbler]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/ ##将镜像挂载到mnt目录
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@localhost cobbler]# cd /mnt/
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
CentOS_BuildTag GPL LiveOS RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EFI images Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
EULA isolinux repodata TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost mnt]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=Centos-7-x86_64 --arch=x86_64
导入镜像文件指明路径，生成名字
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# ls
Centos-7-x86_64 config
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# cobbler list ##查看文件信息
distros:
Centos-7-x86_64
profiles:
Centos-7-x86_64
systems:
repos:
images:
mgmtclasses:
packages:
files:
查看压缩内核和引导文件
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# yum install tree -y ##安装tree工具
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# tree /var/lib/tftpboot/images ##查看压缩内核和引导文件
/var/lib/tftpboot/images
└── Centos-7-x86_64
├── initrd.img ##引导文件
└── vmlinuz ##压缩内核
全部重启服务
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart dhcpd.service
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart xinetd.service
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart httpd.service
创建一台没有系统的虚拟机，开启自动安装系统（字符界面）
安装图形界面
代码：[root@localhost ~]#yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop"
代码：[root@localhost ~]# yum groupinstall 'KDE Plasma Workspaces" -y
代码：[root@localhost ~]# yum groupinstall "X Window System" 或者"Graphical Administration Tools"
利用cobbler的web管理
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# vim /etc/cobbler/modules.conf ##配置模块配置文件
module = authn_configfile ##默认开启
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# htdigest -c /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler adadmin ##创建用户密码
Adding password for adadmin in realm Cobbler.
New password: ##输入密码
Re-type new password:
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service ##重启cobbler服务
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart httpd.service ##重启httpd服务
启用pam认证，身份登录
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# vim /etc/cobbler/modules.conf ##修改模块配置文件
[authentication]
module = authn_pam ##修改成pam认证模块
[authorization]
module = authz_ownership ##指定访问权限
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# useradd webuser ##创建系统用户
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# passwd webuser ##设置密码
更改用户 webuser 的密码 。
新的 密码：
无效的密码： 密码少于 8 个字符
重新输入新的 密码：
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# vim /etc/cobbler/users.conf ##修改cobbler下的users.conf文件
[admins]
admin = ""
cobbler = ""
webuser = "" ##添加用户
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart httpd.service ##重启服务
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service
登录web管理网页
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