Oracle用expdp方式备份脚本;
更新:HHH   时间:2023-1-7


需求:备份oracle数据库并将数据备份的文件上传到ftp所在服务器
ftp服务器IP地址:192.168.6.9
ftp服务器账户/密码:test/test2019

1、oracle用户创建备份脚本路径:

#su - oracle
$ mkdir /u0/app/backup/bin
$ cd /u01/app/backup/bin

2、创建备份脚本:

$ vi /u01/app/backup/bin/bak.sh
#!/bin/sh
#自己指定环境变量(适合多实例的数据库)
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:/sbin/
expot.UTF-8
export NLS_LANG='AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8'

#或使用oracle原先.bash_profile文件里环境变量
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

#上面环境变量二选一即可
timedate=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)
bakdbname=hb
bakdbpasswd=h2234
dumpbame=hd
bakdbhome=/u01/app/backup
expdp $bakdbname/$bakdbpasswd directory=backDir dumpfile=$dumpbame-$timedate.dmp logfile=$bakdbname-$timedate.log
#方法一、压缩dmp文件,会连接bakdbhome变量的目录及文件一并压缩
zip -r $bakdbhome/$dumpbame-$timedate.zip $bakdbhome/$dumpbame-$timedate.dmp $bakdbhome/$bakdbname-$timedate.log      #压缩dmp文件及日志文件
#或用方法二
#若是不加项目路径目录名就切换到存放dmp文件的目录进行压缩即可
cd $bakdbhome
zip -r $dumpbame-$timedate.zip $dumpbame-$timedate.dmp $bakdbname-$timedate.log

find $bakdbhome/*.log -mtime +10 -exec rm -rf {} \;
find $bakdbhome/*.zip -mtime +10 -exec rm -rf {} \;
find $bakdbhome/*.dmp -exec rm -rf {} \;  #前面压缩后,删除原dmp文件

cd $bakdbhome   #切换到备份文件目录下(这里如果用的方法二的就不在需要在切换目录的了)
ftp -v -n 192.168.6.9  << EOF       #执行ftp命令

ftp -v -n 192.168.6.9 >>${bakdbname}_${timedate}.log << EOF
将ftp上传日志信息一起追加到备份日志里面

user test test2018           #用户名和密码
binary                     #切换传输模式为二进制模式,以字节传输(除文字文件外皆用此模式)
hash                       #切换#字号的出现,每一个#字号表示传送了1024/8192BYTES
put $dumpbame-$timedate.zip $dumpbame-$timedate.zip
bye
EOF

#将日志文件的GB2312转为UTF-8编码,这样脚本执行的log日志文件中文不会乱码
iconv -f gb2312  -t utf8 $bakdbname-$timedate.log  -o $bakdbname-$timedate.log

3、实例脚本,备份好库并异地上传

#!/bin/sh
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
timedate=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)
bakdbname=re
bakdbpasswd=123
dumpdbname=re
bakdbhome=/u01/databack
expdp $bakdbname/$bakdbpasswd directory=backDir dumpfile=$dumpdbname'_'$timedate.dmp logfile=$dumpdbname'_'$timedate.log
cd /u01
zip -r databack/$dumpdbname'_'$timedate.zip databack/$dumpdbname'_'$timedate.dmp databack/$dumpdbname'_'$timedate.log
find $bakdbhome/*.log -mtime +10 -exec rm -rf {} \;
find $bakdbhome/*.zip -mtime +10 -exec rm -rf {} \;
find $bakdbhome/*.dmp -exec rm -rf {} \;

cd $bakdbhome
ftp -v -n 192.168.6.9 >>${dumpdbname}_${timedate}.log << EOF
user test test2018
binary
hash
put ${dumpdbname}_${timedate}.zip ${dumpdbname}_${timedate}.zip
bye
EOF

#iconv -f gb2312  -t utf8 ${bakdbname}_${timedate}.log  -o ${bakdbname}_${timedate}.log

FTP的命令行格式为:
ftp -v -d -i -n -g [主机名] ,其中
-v 显示远程服务器的所有响应信息;
-n 限制ftp的自动登录,即不使用;
hash:每传输1024字节,显示一个hash符号(#);
.n etrc文件;
-d 使用调试方式;
-g 取消全局文件名;
bye:退出ftp会话过程;
get下传文件;
mget批量下传文件,需配合万用字元,例如:MGET*.GZ;
put上传文件;
mput批量上传文件,需配合万用字元;
recv相当于GET(RECV为RECEIVE的简写):
send相当于PUT。

给bak.sh脚本执行权限,做计划任务即可

$ crontab -l
10 0 * * * /bin/bash /u01/app/backup/bin/bak.sh



示例:


#/bin/bash

echo "=======expdp-oracle-backup========"

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

timedate=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)

bakdbname=system

bakdbpasswd=oracle

dumpbame=oracle_bak

bakdbhome=/opt/backup

expdp $bakdbname/$bakdbpasswd@10.32.10.30/orcl directory=ORACLE_BACKUP dumpfile=$dumpbame-$timedate.dmp logfile=$bakdbname-$timedate.log full=y
#压缩dmp文件,会连接bakdbhome变量的目录及文件一并压缩;

zip -r $bakdbhome/$dumpbame-$timedate.zip $bakdbhome/$dumpbame-$timedate.dmp $bakdbhome/$bakdbname-$timedate.log      #压缩dmp文件及日志文件;

cd $bakdbhome

zip -r $dumpbame-$timedate.zip $dumpbame-$timedate.dmp $bakdbname-$timedate.log

find $bakdbhome/*.log -mtime +10 -exec rm -rf {} \;

find $bakdbhome/*.zip -mtime +10 -exec rm -rf {} \;

find $bakdbhome/*.dmp -exec rm -rf {} \;              #前面压缩后,删除原dmp文件

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