macports(darwinports)是mac操作系统上的一个非常不错的包管理器，可以很方便的编译安装软件，在安装一个软件的时候会将这个软件所依赖的软件环境一起搭建好，这样可以很方便的安装和升级所需要的软件。就像gem一样的方便。


http://www.macports.org/install.php
这是macports的安装说明
http://guide.macports.org/
这是macprots的完整的说明书

用macports*.dmg来安装macports，位于/opt目录下。如果对于port卸载命令卸载软件失败时，可以直接将opt文件夹删除

一般情况使用macports*.dmg安装之后，环境变量中会包含/opt/local/bin如果没有添加到~/.bashrc里即可。
重启terminal，运行

sudo port selfupdate

更新ports tree和macports版本

－－－－下面是用macports来安装ror环境来说明macports的好用之处：

以前对于ruby的安装是比较麻烦的，需要gnu的readline（比较容易出现很多问题，譬如ldconfig 问题）
现在用macports可以很方便的来安装ruby：

--->  Computing dependencies for ruby
--->  Fetching gperf
--->  Attempting to fetch gperf-3.0.4.tar.gz from ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/GNU/gperf
--->  Verifying checksum(s) for gperf
--->  Extracting gperf
--->  Configuring gperf
--->  Building gperf
--->  Staging gperf into destroot
--->  Installing gperf @3.0.4_0
--->  Activating gperf @3.0.4_0
--->  Cleaning gperf
--->  Fetching libiconv
--->  Attempting to fetch libiconv-1.13.tar.gz from ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/GNU/libiconv
--->  Verifying checksum(s) for libiconv
--->  Extracting libiconv
--->  Applying patches to libiconv
--->  Configuring libiconv
--->  Building libiconv
--->  Staging libiconv into destroot
--->  Installing libiconv @1.13_0
--->  Activating libiconv @1.13_0
--->  Cleaning libiconv
--->  Fetching ncursesw
--->  Attempting to fetch ncurses-5.7.tar.gz from ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/GNU/ncurses
--->  Verifying checksum(s) for ncursesw
--->  Extracting ncursesw
--->  Configuring ncursesw
--->  Building ncursesw
--->  Staging ncursesw into destroot
--->  Installing ncursesw @5.7_0
--->  Activating ncursesw @5.7_0
--->  Cleaning ncursesw
--->  Fetching ncurses
--->  Verifying checksum(s) for ncurses
--->  Extracting ncurses
--->  Configuring ncurses
--->  Building ncurses
--->  Staging ncurses into destroot
--->  Installing ncurses @5.7_0
--->  Activating ncurses @5.7_0
--->  Cleaning ncurses
--->  Fetching zlib
--->  Attempting to fetch zlib-1.2.3.tar.bz2 from http://distfiles.macports.org/zlib
--->  Verifying checksum(s) for zlib
--->  Extracting zlib
--->  Applying patches to zlib
--->  Configuring zlib
--->  Building zlib
--->  Staging zlib into destroot
--->  Installing zlib @1.2.3_3
--->  Activating zlib @1.2.3_3
--->  Cleaning zlib
--->  Fetching openssl
--->  Attempting to fetch openssl-0.9.8k.tar.gz from http://distfiles.macports.org/openssl
--->  Verifying checksum(s) for openssl
--->  Extracting openssl
--->  Applying patches to openssl
--->  Configuring openssl
--->  Building openssl
--->  Staging openssl into destroot
--->  Installing openssl @0.9.8k_0+darwin
--->  Activating openssl @0.9.8k_0+darwin
--->  Cleaning openssl
--->  Fetching readline
--->  Attempting to fetch readline-6.0.tar.gz from ftp://ftp.dti.ad.jp/pub/GNU/readline
--->  Verifying checksum(s) for readline
--->  Extracting readline
--->  Applying patches to readline
--->  Configuring readline
--->  Building readline
--->  Staging readline into destroot
--->  Installing readline @6.0.000_2+darwin
--->  Activating readline @6.0.000_2+darwin
--->  Cleaning readline
--->  Fetching ruby
--->  Attempting to fetch ruby-1.8.7-p174.tar.bz2 from ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.8
--->  Verifying checksum(s) for ruby
--->  Extracting ruby
--->  Applying patches to ruby
--->  Configuring ruby
--->  Building ruby
--->  Staging ruby into destroot
--->  Installing ruby @1.8.7-p174_0+darwin+thread_hooks
--->  Activating ruby @1.8.7-p174_0+darwin+thread_hooks
--->  Cleaning ruby


这样安装就可以将ruby及其所依赖的软件环境全部搭建好了，现在可以运行一下
port installed
来查看用port安装过的包及其版本号：

port installed
The following ports are currently installed:
  gperf @3.0.4_0 (active)
  libiconv @1.13_0 (active)
  ncurses @5.7_0 (active)
  ncursesw @5.7_0 (active)
  openssl @0.9.8k_0+darwin (active)
  readline @6.0.000_2+darwin (active)
  ruby @1.8.7-p174_0+darwin+thread_hooks (active)
  zlib @1.2.3_3 (active)



再下面来安装mysql：