本文示例代码下载： 链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jHBdgCA 密码：hzh7
ps:Vs数据库脚本在解压目录下，修改web.config数据库链接,示例代码包含：导入，导出，上传
前言：
导入导出实在多例子，很多成熟的组建都分装了导入和导出，这一节演示利用LinqToExcel组件对Excel的导入，这个是一个极其简单的例子。
我并不是说导入的简单。而是LinqToExcel让我们对Excel操作更加简单！
最后我们将利用ClosedXML输出Excel。这个比现流行NPOI与EPPlus更加优秀的组件，以Open XML SDK为基础，所以只支持xlsx，不支持xls格式（现阶段谁没有个office2007以上版本）
他导出的Excel根据官方描述，兼容性远超同行对手
如果你不是使用本架构只看2，3，4点，使用BLL层的代码，这同样适用你的MVC程序
知识点：
LinqToExcel组件读取Excel文件
ClosedXML组件输出Excel
准备：
一张演示的数据库表
安装LinqToExcel NuGet包
文件上传样例
CloseXML导出Excel
开始：
1.数据表
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Spl_Person]( [Id] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL, --ID [Name] [nvarchar](50) NULL, --姓名 [Sex] [nchar](10) NULL, --性别 [Age] [int] NULL, --年龄 [IDCard] [nvarchar](50) NULL, --IDCard [Phone] [nvarchar](50) NULL, --电话 [Email] [nvarchar](200) NULL, --邮件 [Address] [nvarchar](300) NULL, --地址 [CreateTime] [datetime] NOT NULL, --创建时间 [Region] [nvarchar](50) NULL, --区域 [Category] [nvarchar](50) NULL, --类别 CONSTRAINT [PK_Spl_Person] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [Id] ASC)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]) ON [PRIMARY]GO
如何使用这个框架？
按照之前的做法，更新到EF。并利用T4生成DAL,BLL,MODEL。再用代码生成器生成界面复制进解决方案，一步到位
配置好访问地址和权限，直接运行
再手动在工具栏添加导入和导出的按钮（别忘记添加权限）
@Html.ToolButton("btnImport", "fa fa-level-down", Resource.Import, perm, "Import", true) @Html.ToolButton("btnExport", "fa fa-level-up", Resource.Export, perm, "Export", true)2.安装LinqToExcel包
因为我们读取Excel放在BLL层，所有在BLL层安装LinqToExcel包
3.文件上传
（这一点简单带过，可以到网上下载上传代码植入到自己系统中）
或者下载第32节的源码 或者下载本节的示例代码都可以
我这里使用普通的form上传功能
添加导入前端代码
<div id="uploadExcel" class="easyui-window" data-options="modal:true,closed:true,minimizable:false,shadow:false">
<form name="form1" method="post" id="form1">
<table>
<tr>
<th style=" padding:20px;">Excel：</th>
<td style=" padding:20px;">
<input name="ExcelPath" type="text" maxlength="255" id="txtExcelPath" readonly="readonly" style="width:200px" class="txtInput normal left">
<a href="javascript:$('#FileUpload').trigger('click').void(0);;" class="files">@Resource.Browse</a>
<input class="displaynone" type="file" id="FileUpload" name="FileUpload" onchange="Upload('ExcelFile', 'txtExcelPath', 'FileUpload');">
<span class="uploading">@Resource.Uploading</span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="endbtndiv">
<a id="btnSave" href="javascript:ImportData()" class="easyui-linkbutton btns">Save</a>
<a id="btnReturn" href="javascript:$('#uploadExcel').window('close')" class="easyui-linkbutton btnc">Close</a>
</div>
</form>
</div> 导入按钮事件只要弹出上传框就好
$("#btnImport").click(function () {
$("#uploadExcel").window({ title: '@Resource.Import', width: 450, height: 160, iconCls: 'icon-details' }).window('open');
});
保证上传是成功的。
直接查看源码的C#上传代码
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------上面只是前期的准备工作--------------------------------------------------------------
在业务层添加以下代码
using Apps.Common;
using Apps.Models;
using Apps.Models.Spl;
using LinqToExcel;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Apps.Spl.BLL
{
public partial class Spl_ProductBLL
{
/// <summary>
/// 校验Excel数据
/// </summary>
public bool CheckImportData( string fileName, List<Spl_PersonModel> personList,ref ValidationErrors errors )
{
var targetFile = new FileInfo(fileName);
if (!targetFile.Exists)
{
errors.Add("导入的数据文件不存在");
return false;
}
var excelFile = new ExcelQueryFactory(fileName);
//对应列头
excelFile.AddMapping<Spl_PersonModel>(x => x.Name, "Name");
excelFile.AddMapping<Spl_PersonModel>(x => x.Sex, "Sex");
excelFile.AddMapping<Spl_PersonModel>(x => x.Age, "Age");
excelFile.AddMapping<Spl_PersonModel>(x => x.IDCard, "IDCard");
excelFile.AddMapping<Spl_PersonModel>(x => x.Phone, "Phone");
excelFile.AddMapping<Spl_PersonModel>(x => x.Email, "Email");
excelFile.AddMapping<Spl_PersonModel>(x => x.Address, "Address");
excelFile.AddMapping<Spl_PersonModel>(x => x.Region, "Region");
excelFile.AddMapping<Spl_PersonModel>(x => x.Category, "Category");
//SheetName
var excelContent = excelFile.Worksheet<Spl_PersonModel>(0);
int rowIndex = 1;
//检查数据正确性
foreach (var row in excelContent)
{
var errorMessage = new StringBuilder();
var person = new Spl_PersonModel();
person.Id =
person.Name = row.Name;
person.Sex = row.Sex;
person.Age = row.Age;
person.IDCard = row.IDCard;
person.Phone = row.Phone;
person.Email = row.Email;
person.Address = row.Address;
person.Region = row.Region;
person.Category = row.Category;
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(row.Name))
{
errorMessage.Append("Name - 不能为空. ");
}
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(row.IDCard))
{
errorMessage.Append("IDCard - 不能为空. ");
}
//=============================================================================
if (errorMessage.Length > 0)
{
errors.Add(string.Format(
"第 {0} 列发现错误：{1}{2}",
rowIndex,
errorMessage,
"<br/>"));
}
personList.Add(person);
rowIndex += 1;
}
if (errors.Count > 0)
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
/// <summary>
/// 保存数据
/// </summary>
public void SaveImportData(IEnumerable<Spl_PersonModel> personList)
{
try
{
DBContainer db = new DBContainer();
foreach (var model in personList)
{
Spl_Person entity = new Spl_Person();
entity.Id = ResultHelper.NewId;
entity.Name = model.Name;
entity.Sex = model.Sex;
entity.Age = model.Age;
entity.IDCard = model.IDCard;
entity.Phone = model.Phone;
entity.Email = model.Email;
entity.Address = model.Address;
entity.CreateTime = ResultHelper.NowTime;
entity.Region = model.Region;
entity.Category = model.Category;
db.Spl_Person.Add(entity);
}
db.SaveChanges();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw;
}
}
}
}BLL
public class ValidationErrors : List<ValidationError>
{
/// <summary>
/// 添加错误
/// </summary>
/// <param name="errorMessage">信息描述</param>
public void Add(string errorMessage)
{
base.Add(new ValidationError { ErrorMessage = errorMessage });
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取错误集合
/// </summary>
public string Error
{
get {
string error = "";
this.All(a => {
error += a.ErrorMessage;
return true;
});
return error;
}
}
}ValidationError
代码包含两个方法
public bool CheckImportData( string fileName, List<Spl_PersonModel> personList,ValidationErrors errors )
fileName为我们上传的文件。
personList为承接数据List
ValidationErrors 错误集合
public void SaveImportData(IEnumerable<Spl_PersonModel> personList)
保存数据
别忘记添加接口
public partial interface ISpl_PersonBLL
{ bool CheckImportData(string fileName, List<Spl_PersonModel> personList, ref ValidationErrors errors); void SaveImportData(IEnumerable<Spl_PersonModel> personList);
}简单明白，直接看代码，不再解析。OK这样控制器就可以直接调用了
public ActionResult Import(string filePath)
{ var personList = new List<Spl_PersonModel>(); //校验数据is bool checkResult = m_BLL.CheckImportData(filePath, personList, ref errors); //校验通过直接保存 if (checkResult)
{
m_BLL.SaveImportData(personList);
LogHandler.WriteServiceLog(GetUserId(),"导入成功", "成功", "导入", "Spl_Person"); return Json(JsonHandler.CreateMessage(1, Resource.InsertSucceed));
} else
{ string ErrorCol = errors.Error;
LogHandler.WriteServiceLog(GetUserId(), ErrorCol, "失败", "导入", "Spl_Person"); return Json(JsonHandler.CreateMessage(0, Resource.InsertFail + ErrorCol));
}
}最后前端还需要把路径给回来。
function ImportData()
{
$.post("@Url.Action("Import")?filePath=" + $("#txtExcelPath").val(), function (data) { if (data.type == 1) {
$("#List").datagrid('load');
$('#uploadExcel').window('close');
}
$.messageBox5s('@Resource.Tip', data.message);
}, "json");
}OK测试一下！建立一个新的excel格式
一般情况下我们是提供模版给用户下载供用户输入数据，来确保格式的正确性
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------导出功能------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.安装ClosedXML NuGet包
在控制器添加以下代码：
public ActionResult Export()
{ var exportSpource = this.GetExportData(); var dt = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<DataTable>(exportSpource.ToString()); var exportFileName = string.Concat( "Person",
DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss"), ".xlsx"); return new ExportExcelResult
{
SheetName = "人员列表",
FileName = exportFileName,
ExportData = dt
};
} private JArray GetExportData()
{
List<Spl_PersonModel> list = m_BLL.GetList(ref setNoPagerAscById, "");
JArray jObjects = new JArray(); foreach (var item in list)
{ var jo = new JObject();
jo.Add("Id", item.Id);
jo.Add("Name", item.Name);
jo.Add("Sex", item.Sex);
jo.Add("Age", item.Age);
jo.Add("IDCard", item.IDCard);
jo.Add("Phone", item.Phone);
jo.Add("Email", item.Email);
jo.Add("Address", item.Address);
jo.Add("CreateTime", item.CreateTime);
jo.Add("Region", item.Region);
jo.Add("Category", item.Category);
jObjects.Add(jo);
} return jObjects;
}注意：ExportExcelResult
此类是使用ClosedXML.Excel，已经封装好了。大家直接拿来用就可以。把关注点都放在业务中
using ClosedXML.Excel;using System;using System.Data;using System.IO;using System.Text;using System.Web;using System.Web.Mvc;namespace Apps.Web.Core
{ public class ExportExcelResult : ActionResult
{ public string SheetName { get; set; } public string FileName { get; set; } public DataTable ExportData { get; set; } public ExportExcelResult()
{
} public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
{ if (ExportData == null)
{ throw new InvalidDataException("ExportData");
} if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(this.SheetName))
{ this.SheetName = "Sheet1";
} if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(this.FileName))
{ this.FileName = string.Concat( "ExportData_",
DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss"), ".xlsx");
} this.ExportExcelEventHandler(context);
} /// <summary> /// Exports the excel event handler. /// </summary> /// <param name="context">The context.</param> private void ExportExcelEventHandler(ControllerContext context)
{ try
{ var workbook = new XLWorkbook(); if (this.ExportData != null)
{
context.HttpContext.Response.Clear(); // 编码
context.HttpContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8; // 设置网页ContentType
context.HttpContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"; // 导出名字 var browser = context.HttpContext.Request.Browser.Browser; var exportFileName = browser.Equals("Firefox", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) ? this.FileName
: HttpUtility.UrlEncode(this.FileName, Encoding.UTF8);
context.HttpContext.Response.AddHeader( "Content-Disposition", string.Format("attachment;filename={0}", exportFileName)); // Add all DataTables in the DataSet as a worksheets
workbook.Worksheets.Add(this.ExportData, this.SheetName); using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
{
workbook.SaveAs(memoryStream);
memoryStream.WriteTo(context.HttpContext.Response.OutputStream);
memoryStream.Close();
}
}
workbook.Dispose();
} catch (Exception ex)
{ throw;
}
}
}
}
总结：
本节知识点，全部聚集在CheckImportData方法上。
对应列头是模版xlsx的列头
1.如果模版需要是是中文的，如Name=名字，那么方法应该这么写
excelFile.AddMapping<Spl_PersonModel>(x => x.Name, "名字");
2.导入第几个sheet工作薄可以这么写
我这里写0是指第一个sheet工作薄。可以直接指定工作薄
var excelContent = excelFile.Worksheet<Spl_PersonModel>("Sheet1");
3.检查正确性可以确保数据的来源。可以给出用户正确的修改提示。
4.借助ClosedXML，导出实际只需要几行代码。哈哈..这是如此的简单。
return new ExportExcelResult
{
SheetName = "人员列表",
FileName = exportFileName,
ExportData = dt
};
