Springboot吞吐量优化的解决方法
更新:HHH   时间:2023-1-7


Springboot吞吐量优化的解决方法?很多新手对此不是很清楚,为了帮助大家解决这个难题,下面小编将为大家详细讲解,有这方面需求的人可以来学习下,希望你能有所收获。

一、异步执行

实现方式二种:

1.使用异步注解@aysnc、启动类:添加@EnableAsync注解

2.JDK 8本身有一个非常好用的Future类——CompletableFuture

@AllArgsConstructor
public class AskThread implements Runnable{
 private CompletableFuture<Integer> re = null;

 public void run() {
  int myRe = 0;
  try {
   myRe = re.get() * re.get();
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  System.out.println(myRe);
 }

 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
  final CompletableFuture<Integer> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
  new Thread(new AskThread(future)).start();
  //模拟长时间的计算过程
  Thread.sleep(1000);
  //告知完成结果
  future.complete(60);
 }
}

在该示例中,启动一个线程,此时AskThread对象还没有拿到它需要的数据,执行到 myRe = re.get() * re.get()会阻塞。我们用休眠1秒来模拟一个长时间的计算过程,并将计算结果告诉future执行结果,AskThread线程将会继续执行。

public class Calc {
 public static Integer calc(Integer para) {
  try {
   //模拟一个长时间的执行
   Thread.sleep(1000);
  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return para * para;
 }

 public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
  final CompletableFuture<Void> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> calc(50))
    .thenApply((i) -> Integer.toString(i))
    .thenApply((str) -> "\"" + str + "\"")
    .thenAccept(System.out::println);
  future.get();
 }
}

CompletableFuture.supplyAsync方法构造一个CompletableFuture实例,在supplyAsync()方法中,它会在一个新线程中,执行传入的参数。在这里它会执行calc()方法,这个方法可能是比较慢的,但这并不影响CompletableFuture实例的构造速度,supplyAsync()会立即返回。

而返回的CompletableFuture实例就可以作为这次调用的契约,在将来任何场合,用于获得最终的计算结果。supplyAsync用于提供返回值的情况,CompletableFuture还有一个不需要返回值的异步调用方法runAsync(Runnable runnable),一般我们在优化Controller时,使用这个方法比较多。

这两个方法如果在不指定线程池的情况下,都是在ForkJoinPool.common线程池中执行,而这个线程池中的所有线程都是Daemon(守护)线程,所以,当主线程结束时,这些线程无论执行完毕都会退出系统。


核心代码:

CompletableFuture.runAsync(() ->
 this.afterBetProcessor(betRequest,betDetailResult,appUser,id)
);


异步调用使用Callable来实现

@RestController 
public class HelloController { 
 
 private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class); 
  
 @Autowired 
 private HelloService hello; 
 
 @GetMapping("/helloworld") 
 public String helloWorldController() { 
  return hello.sayHello(); 
 } 
 
 /** 
  * 异步调用restful 
  * 当controller返回值是Callable的时候,springmvc就会启动一个线程将Callable交给TaskExecutor去处理 
  * 然后DispatcherServlet还有所有的spring拦截器都退出主线程,然后把response保持打开的状态 
  * 当Callable执行结束之后,springmvc就会重新启动分配一个request请求,然后DispatcherServlet就重新 
  * 调用和处理Callable异步执行的返回结果, 然后返回视图 
  * 
  * @return 
  */ 
 @GetMapping("/hello") 
 public Callable<String> helloController() { 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法"); 
  Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() { 
 
   @Override 
   public String call() throws Exception { 
    logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法"); 
    String say = hello.sayHello(); 
    logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回"); 
    return say; 
   } 
  }; 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回"); 
  return callable; 
 } 
} 


异步调用的方式 WebAsyncTask

@RestController 
public class HelloController { 
 
 private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class); 
  
 @Autowired 
 private HelloService hello; 
 
  /** 
  * 带超时时间的异步请求 通过WebAsyncTask自定义客户端超时间 
  * 
  * @return 
  */ 
 @GetMapping("/world") 
 public WebAsyncTask<String> worldController() { 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法"); 
 
  // 3s钟没返回,则认为超时 
  WebAsyncTask<String> webAsyncTask = new WebAsyncTask<>(3000, new Callable<String>() { 
 
   @Override 
   public String call() throws Exception { 
    logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法"); 
    String say = hello.sayHello(); 
    logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回"); 
    return say; 
   } 
  }); 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回"); 
 
  webAsyncTask.onCompletion(new Runnable() { 
 
   @Override 
   public void run() { 
    logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕"); 
   } 
  }); 
 
  webAsyncTask.onTimeout(new Callable<String>() { 
 
   @Override 
   public String call() throws Exception { 
    logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout"); 
    // 超时的时候,直接抛异常,让外层统一处理超时异常 
    throw new TimeoutException("调用超时"); 
   } 
  }); 
  return webAsyncTask; 
 } 
 
 /** 
  * 异步调用,异常处理,详细的处理流程见MyExceptionHandler类 
  * 
  * @return 
  */ 
 @GetMapping("/exception") 
 public WebAsyncTask<String> exceptionController() { 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法"); 
  Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() { 
 
   @Override 
   public String call() throws Exception { 
    logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法"); 
    throw new TimeoutException("调用超时!"); 
   } 
  }; 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回"); 
  return new WebAsyncTask<>(20000, callable); 
 } 
} 

二、增加内嵌Tomcat的最大连接数

@Configuration
public class TomcatConfig {
 @Bean
 public ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory webServerFactory() {
  TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcatFactory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory();
  tomcatFactory.addConnectorCustomizers(new MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer());
  tomcatFactory.setPort(8005);
  tomcatFactory.setContextPath("/api-g");
  return tomcatFactory;
 }
 class MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer implements TomcatConnectorCustomizer {
  public void customize(Connector connector) {
   Http11NioProtocol protocol = (Http11NioProtocol) connector.getProtocolHandler();
   //设置最大连接数    
   protocol.setMaxConnections(20000);
   //设置最大线程数    
   protocol.setMaxThreads(2000);
   protocol.setConnectionTimeout(30000);
  }
 }
}

三、使用@ComponentScan()定位扫包比@SpringBootApplication扫包更快

四、默认tomcat容器改为Undertow(Jboss下的服务器,Tomcat吞吐量5000,Undertow吞吐量8000)

<exclusions>
  <exclusion>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
  </exclusion>
</exclusions>

改为:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
</dependency>

五、使用 BufferedWriter 进行缓冲

六、Deferred方式实现异步调用

@RestController
public class AsyncDeferredController {
 private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
 private final LongTimeTask taskService;
 
 @Autowired
 public AsyncDeferredController(LongTimeTask taskService) {
  this.taskService = taskService;
 }
 
 @GetMapping("/deferred")
 public DeferredResult<String> executeSlowTask() {
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入executeSlowTask方法");
  DeferredResult<String> deferredResult = new DeferredResult<>();
  // 调用长时间执行任务
  taskService.execute(deferredResult);
  // 当长时间任务中使用deferred.setResult("world");这个方法时,会从长时间任务中返回,继续controller里面的流程
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "从executeSlowTask方法返回");
  // 超时的回调方法
  deferredResult.onTimeout(new Runnable(){
 
 @Override
 public void run() {
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout");
 // 返回超时信息
 deferredResult.setErrorResult("time out!");
 }
 });
  
  // 处理完成的回调方法,无论是超时还是处理成功,都会进入这个回调方法
  deferredResult.onCompletion(new Runnable(){
 
 @Override
 public void run() {
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onCompletion");
 }
 });
  
  return deferredResult;
 }
}

七、异步调用可以使用AsyncHandlerInterceptor进行拦截

@Component
public class MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor implements AsyncHandlerInterceptor {
 
 private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor.class);
 
 @Override
 public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
 throws Exception {
 return true;
 }
 
 @Override
 public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
 ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
// HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "服务调用完成,返回结果给客户端");
 }
 
 @Override
 public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
 throws Exception {
 if(null != ex){
 System.out.println("发生异常:"+ex.getMessage());
 }
 }
 
 @Override
 public void afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
 throws Exception {
 
 // 拦截之后,重新写回数据,将原来的hello world换成如下字符串
 String resp = "my name is chhliu!";
 response.setContentLength(resp.length());
 response.getOutputStream().write(resp.getBytes());
 
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入afterConcurrentHandlingStarted方法");
 } 
}

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