小编给大家分享一下Python+OpenCv如何制作证件图片生成器，相信大部分人都还不怎么了解，因此分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获，下面让我们一起去了解一下吧！
本项目使用Python和OpenCv实现身份证图片生成工具，填入信息，选择一张头像图片（即可生成黑白和彩色身份证图片）。可以选择是否自动抠图，自动抠图目前仅支持蓝色背景，对自动抠图效果不满意可以手动抠图。
参照标准：
正面
“姓名”、“性别”、“民族”、“出生年月日”、“住址”、“公民身份号码”为6号黑体字，用蓝色油墨印刷；登记项目中的姓名项用5号黑体字印刷；其他项目则用小5号黑体字印刷；出生年月日 方正黑体简体字符大小：姓名＋号码（11点）其他（9点）字符间距（AV）：号码（50）字符行距：住址（12点）；身份证号码字体 OCR-B 10 BT 文字 华文细黑。
背面
左上角为国徽，用红色油墨印刷;其右侧为证件名称“中华人民共和国居民身份证”，分上下两排排列，其中上排的“中华人民共和国”为4号宋体字，下排的“居民身份证”为2号宋体字;“签发机关”、“有效期限”为6号加粗黑体字;签发机关登记项采用，“xx市公安局”;有效期限采用“xxxx.xx-xxxx.xx.xx”格式，使用5号黑体字印刷，全部用黑色油墨印刷。
这里我用周杰伦的图像制作简单的身份证图片，效果图如下：
实现Demo如下：
# coding:utf-8
import os
import PIL.Image as PImage
from PIL import ImageFont, ImageDraw
import cv2
import numpy as np
try:
from Tkinter import *
from ttk import *
from tkFileDialog import *
from tkMessageBox import *
except ImportError:
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.ttk import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *
from tkinter.messagebox import *
if getattr(sys, 'frozen', None):
base_dir = os.path.join(sys._MEIPASS, 'usedres')
else:
base_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'usedres')
def changeBackground(img, img_back, zoom_size, center):
# 缩放
img = cv2.resize(img, zoom_size)
rows, cols, channels = img.shape
# 转换hsv
hsv = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
# 获取mask
lower_blue = np.array([78, 43, 46])
upper_blue = np.array([110, 255, 255])
mask = cv2.inRange(hsv, lower_blue, upper_blue)
# cv2.imshow('Mask', mask)
# 腐蚀膨胀
erode = cv2.erode(mask, None, iterations=1)
dilate = cv2.dilate(erode, None, iterations=1)
# 粘贴
for i in range(rows):
for j in range(cols):
if dilate[i, j] == 0: # 0代表黑色的点
img_back[center[0] + i, center[1] + j] = img[i, j] # 此处替换颜色，为BGR通道
return img_back
def paste(avatar, bg, zoom_size, center):
avatar = cv2.resize(avatar, zoom_size)
rows, cols, channels = avatar.shape
for i in range(rows):
for j in range(cols):
bg[center[0] + i, center[1] + j] = avatar[i, j]
return bg
def generator():
global ename, esex, enation, eyear, emon, eday, eaddr, eidn, eorg, elife, ebgvar
name = ename.get()
sex = esex.get()
nation = enation.get()
year = eyear.get()
mon = emon.get()
day = eday.get()
org = eorg.get()
life = elife.get()
addr = eaddr.get()
idn = eidn.get()
fname = askopenfilename(parent=root, initialdir=os.getcwd(), title=u'选择头像')
# print fname
im = PImage.open(os.path.join(base_dir, 'empty.png'))
avatar = PImage.open(fname) # 500x670
name_font = ImageFont.truetype(os.path.join(base_dir, 'hei.ttf'), 72)
other_font = ImageFont.truetype(os.path.join(base_dir, 'hei.ttf'), 60)
bdate_font = ImageFont.truetype(os.path.join(base_dir, 'fzhei.ttf'), 60)
id_font = ImageFont.truetype(os.path.join(base_dir, 'ocrb10bt.ttf'), 72)
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
draw.text((630, 690), name, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=name_font)
draw.text((630, 840), sex, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=other_font)
draw.text((1030, 840), nation, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=other_font)
draw.text((630, 980), year, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=bdate_font)
draw.text((950, 980), mon, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=bdate_font)
draw.text((1150, 980), day, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=bdate_font)
start = 0
loc = 1120
while start + 11 < len(addr):
draw.text((630, loc), addr[start:start + 11], fill=(0, 0, 0), font=other_font)
start += 11
loc += 100
draw.text((630, loc), addr[start:], fill=(0, 0, 0), font=other_font)
draw.text((950, 1475), idn, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=id_font)
draw.text((1050, 2750), org, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=other_font)
draw.text((1050, 2895), life, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=other_font)
avatar = cv2.cvtColor(np.asarray(avatar), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
im = cv2.cvtColor(np.asarray(im), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
if ebgvar.get():
im = changeBackground(avatar, im, (500, 670), (690, 1500))
else:
#im.paste(avatar, (1500, 690), mask=avatar)
im = paste(avatar, im, (500, 670), (690, 1500))
im = PImage.fromarray(cv2.cvtColor(im, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
im.save('color.png')
im.convert('L').save('bw.png')
showinfo(u'成功', u'文件已生成到目录下,黑白bw.png和彩色color.png')
if __name__ == '__main__':
global ename, esex, enation, eyear, emon, eday, eaddr, eidn, eorg, elife, ebgvar
root = Tk()
root.title(u'AIRobot身份证图片生成器')
# root.geometry('640x480')
root.resizable(width=False, height=False)
Label(root, text=u'姓名:').grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
ename = Entry(root, width=8)
ename.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
Label(root, text=u'性别:').grid(row=0, column=2, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
esex = Entry(root, width=8)
esex.grid(row=0, column=3, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
Label(root, text=u'民族:').grid(row=0, column=4, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
enation = Entry(root, width=8)
enation.grid(row=0, column=5, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
Label(root, text=u'出生年:').grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
eyear = Entry(root, width=8)
eyear.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
Label(root, text=u'月:').grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
emon = Entry(root, width=8)
emon.grid(row=1, column=3, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
Label(root, text=u'日:').grid(row=1, column=4, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
eday = Entry(root, width=8)
eday.grid(row=1, column=5, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
Label(root, text=u'住址:').grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
eaddr = Entry(root, width=32)
eaddr.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3, columnspan=5)
Label(root, text=u'证件号码:').grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
eidn = Entry(root, width=32)
eidn.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3, columnspan=5)
Label(root, text=u'签发机关:').grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
eorg = Entry(root, width=32)
eorg.grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3, columnspan=5)
Label(root, text=u'有效期限:').grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
elife = Entry(root, width=32)
elife.grid(row=5, column=1, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3, columnspan=5)
Label(root, text=u'选项:').grid(row=6, column=0, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3)
ebgvar = IntVar()
ebg = Checkbutton(root, text=u'自动抠图', variable=ebgvar)
ebg.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3, columnspan=5)
Button(root, text=u'生成', width=32, command=generator).grid(row=7, column=1, sticky=W, padx=3, pady=3, columnspan=4)
# root.iconbitmap(os.path.join(base_dir, 'ico.ico'))
root.mainloop() 之前上传代码使用项目命名：“Python+OpenCv制作身份证图片生成器代码”，额、但是官方宣布违规禁止上传，所示将项目名称修改的不是那么明显，感兴趣的小伙伴可以下载运行：
http://xiazai.jb51.net/201908/yuanma/xiangmu_code_jb51.rar
当然为了方便操作，也可以使用pyinstaller模块自己打包成应用程序，首先需要使用命令安装pyinstaller模块：
pip install pyinstaller
Mac打包(打包成Mac app尚有问题未解决)
pyinstaller -i usedres/ico.icns --windowed --clean --noconfirm --onefile --add-data ./usedres:./usedres idcardgenerator.py
Windows打包
pyinstaller -i usedres/ico.ico --windowed --clean --noconfirm --onefile --add-data usedres;usedres idcardgenerator.py
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