本篇内容介绍了“用Calendar、Date和SimperFormat获取当前时间的区别”的有关知识,在实际案例的操作过程中,不少人都会遇到这样的困境,接下来就让小编带领大家学习一下如何处理这些情况吧!希望大家仔细阅读,能够学有所成!
一、Calendar 类常用的获取时间以及时区的方法:
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
System.out.println("目前时间: " + calendar.getTime());
System.out.println("Calendar时区: " + calendar.getTimeZone().getID());
System.out.println("user.timezone: " + System.getProperty("user.timezone"));
System.out.println("user.country: " + System.getProperty("user.country"));
System.out.println("默认时区: " + TimeZone.getDefault().getID());
运行结果:
目前时间: Tue May 28 23:09:31 CST 2019
Calendar时区: Asia/Shanghai
user.timezone: Asia/Shanghai
user.country: CN
默认时区: Asia/Shanghai
二、获取当前时间性能比较
long start1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");//设置日期格式
System.out.println(sdf.format(new Date()));// new Date()为获取当前系统时间
long end1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println((end1 - start1) + "ms");
运行结果:
2019-05-28 23:14:14
55ms
long start2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();//可以对每个时间域单独修改
System.out.println(calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) + "-" + calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + "-" + calendar.get(Calendar.DATE) + " " + calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY) + ":" + calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE) + ":" + calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND));
long end2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println((end2 - start2) + "ms");
运行结果:
2019-4-28 23:15:22
36ms
显然,第二种的Calendar获取当前时间的性能比SimpleDateFormat的要快
三、获取零点时间的性能比较
long start3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.setTime(new Date());
calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
calendar.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
calendar.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
Date zero = calendar.getTime();
long end3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(zero);
System.out.println((end3 - start3) + "ms");
运行结果:
Tue May 28 00:00:00 CST 2019
34ms
long start4 = System.currentTimeMillis();
long current = System.currentTimeMillis();
long zero = current/(1000*3600*24)*(1000*3600*24) - TimeZone.getDefault().getRawOffset();
System.out.println(zero);
long end4 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println((end4 - start4) + "ms");
运行结果:
1558972800000
11ms
这里current表示毫秒,那么除以了1000 * 3600 * 24得到天数,但是可能不是整数天,但是因为t是long型,那么小数部分没有了,再去乘以1000 * 3600 * 24,就变成整数天数所对应的毫秒了。
TimeZone.getDefault().getRawOffset() 计算夏令时和返回当前时区与格林尼治时间的偏差。
显然,这里获取零点时间强烈推荐第二种方法,性能比第一种高三倍左右。
Calendar获取当前年份、月份、日期
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
public class TestDate {
/**
* 获取当前年份、月份、日期
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
Calendar cale = null;
cale = Calendar.getInstance();
int year = cale.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int month = cale.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;
int day = cale.get(Calendar.DATE);
int hour = cale.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
int minute = cale.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
int second = cale.get(Calendar.SECOND);
int dow = cale.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
int dom = cale.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
int doy = cale.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
System.out.println("Current Date: " + cale.getTime());
System.out.println("Year: " + year);
System.out.println("Month: " + month);
System.out.println("Day: " + day);
System.out.println("Hour: " + hour);
System.out.println("Minute: " + minute);
System.out.println("Second: " + second);
System.out.println("Day of Week: " + dow);
System.out.println("Day of Month: " + dom);
System.out.println("Day of Year: " + doy);
// 获取当月第一天和最后一天
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
String firstday, lastday;
// 获取前月的第一天
cale = Calendar.getInstance();
cale.add(Calendar.MONTH, 0);
cale.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
firstday = format.format(cale.getTime());
// 获取前月的最后一天
cale = Calendar.getInstance();
cale.add(Calendar.MONTH, 1);
cale.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 0);
lastday = format.format(cale.getTime());
System.out.println("本月第一天和最后一天分别是 : " + firstday + " and " + lastday);
// 获取当前日期字符串
Date d = new Date();
System.out.println("当前日期字符串1:" + format.format(d));
System.out.println("当前日期字符串2:" + year + "/" + month + "/" + day + " "
+ hour + ":" + minute + ":" + second);
}
}
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